Lithium value chain · 2026 catalog +86 135 7483 9908 contact@li2co3.com
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Value chain From lithium ore to battery materials

Six stages and 47 products, connected in one map of the lithium value chain.

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APPLICATIONS

Where lithium goes

EV batteries and energy storage are the growth engine; glass, ceramics, pharmaceuticals, lubricants, cooling and metallurgy are the stable base. Each application demands a different grade, impurity profile and packaging.

9application areas
20+end uses
EV BatteriesEnergy Storage SystemsConsumer ElectronicsGlass & CeramicsPharmaceuticals & Fine ChemicalsLubricants & Industrial GreasesAbsorption CoolingMetallurgy & AluminiumSolid-State & Next-Gen Batteries
01 · EV & Mobility

EV Batteries

Electric cars, commercial vehicles and e-two-wheelers form the largest single lithium market. LFP prioritises safety and cost, high-nickel NCM pursues range, and lithium hydroxide together with LiFSI is the key input for high-nickel fast-charge systems.

  • LFP and NCM811 routes run in parallel
  • High-nickel systems favour lithium hydroxide monohydrate
  • Fast-charge and wide-temperature demand drives LiFSI blending
Related products Lithium Iron Phosphate (LFP)Specific capacity 150–160 mAh/gNCM811 CathodeSpecific capacity 190–200 mAh/gNCM622 CathodeSpecific capacity 170–180 mAh/gBattery-Grade Lithium Hydroxide MonohydrateLiOH·H₂O ≥ 56.5%Lithium Bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (LiFSI)LiFSI ≥ 99.9%Lithium-Ion Battery ElectrolyteConductivity 8–12 mS/cm
02 · Energy Storage

Energy Storage Systems

Grid-side, commercial and residential storage are highly sensitive to cycle life, cost and safety. LFP is the mainstream route, and long-life electrolytes, recycled lithium salts and second-life cells together make up the storage supply chain.

  • LFP long-cycle systems dominate
  • Recycled lithium carbonate reduces carbon footprint
  • Second-life cells serve backup and commercial storage
Related products Lithium Iron Phosphate (LFP)Specific capacity 150–160 mAh/gLithium Manganese Iron Phosphate (LMFP)Specific capacity 145–155 mAh/gLithium-Ion Battery ElectrolyteConductivity 8–12 mS/cmRecycled Lithium CarbonateLi₂CO₃ ≥ 99.5%Second-Life BatterySOH ≥ 70%
03 · Consumer Electronics

Consumer Electronics

Phones, notebooks, wearables and drones demand high energy density in thin formats. LCO and high-nickel NCM dominate, with the tightest requirements on cathode compaction, particle size and electrolyte purity.

  • LCO for high compaction and high voltage
  • NCM811 extends runtime
  • Electrolyte moisture ≤ 20 ppm
Related products Lithium Cobalt Oxide (LCO)Specific capacity 155–165 mAh/gNCM811 CathodeSpecific capacity 190–200 mAh/gNCM523 CathodeSpecific capacity 160–170 mAh/gLithium-Ion Battery ElectrolyteConductivity 8–12 mS/cmLithium Hexafluorophosphate (LiPF₆)LiPF₆ ≥ 99.9%
04 · Glass & Ceramics

Glass & Ceramics

In glass and ceramics lithium acts as a flux and property modifier, lowering firing temperature and improving thermal expansion and gloss. Petalite suits low-expansion glassware, while technical-grade carbonate and lithium fluoride serve glazes and frits.

  • Lowers melting temperature and viscosity
  • Improves thermal stability and gloss
  • Low-iron concentrate suits premium glazes
Related products Industrial-Grade Lithium CarbonateLi₂CO₃ ≥ 99.2%Spodumene ConcentrateLi₂O 5.5–6.5%Petalite ConcentrateLi₂O 4.0–4.5%Lithium FluorideLiF ≥ 99.0%Lithium MetaborateLiBO₂ ≥ 99.0%
05 · Pharma & Fine Chemicals

Pharmaceuticals & Fine Chemicals

Lithium carbonate is the starting material for mood-stabiliser active ingredients; n-butyllithium is a core reagent in organic synthesis and anionic polymerisation. Pharmaceutical grades carry additional compliance requirements on heavy metals, residual solvents and particle size.

  • Pharmacopoeial lithium carbonate required
  • n-Butyllithium for lithiation and halogen–lithium exchange
  • High-purity salts for diagnostic reagents
Related products Battery-Grade Lithium CarbonateLi₂CO₃ ≥ 99.5%n-Butyllithium2.5 M in hexaneLithium NitrateLiNO₃ ≥ 99.0%High-Purity Lithium CarbonateLi₂CO₃ ≥ 99.999%
06 · Lubrication & Industry

Lubricants & Industrial Greases

Lithium greases are thickened with lithium 12-hydroxystearate soap in a base oil, combining a wide temperature range with water resistance. Lithium stearate serves as a release agent and stabiliser, and anhydrous lithium hydroxide is the direct lithium source for saponification.

  • Full NLGI 1#–3# range
  • Mineral oil and PAO base stocks
  • Dropping point ≥ 180 °C
Related products Lithium GreaseNLGI 2 / dropping point ≥ 180 °CLithium StearateAssay ≥ 99.0%Anhydrous Lithium HydroxideLiOH ≥ 99.0%
07 · Absorption Cooling

Absorption Cooling

Lithium bromide absorption chillers use low-grade heat for cooling and are widely deployed in industrial parks, data centres and district cooling. Solution concentration, pH and corrosion-inhibitor control determine chiller life.

  • 50–55% lithium bromide solution
  • Driven by steam or waste heat
  • Low Cl⁻ and SO₄²⁻ control
Related products Lithium BromideLiBr ≥ 99.0%Anhydrous Lithium ChlorideLiCl ≥ 99.3%
08 · Metallurgy & Aluminium

Metallurgy & Aluminium

Lithium salts adjust aluminium-smelting bath chemistry and serve in continuous-casting mould fluxes and alloy additives. Aluminium-lithium and magnesium-lithium alloys cut structural weight substantially for aerospace and high-end equipment.

  • Lowers bath temperature and power demand in aluminium cells
  • Aluminium-lithium alloys cut weight by 10–15%
  • Magnesium-lithium alloy density as low as 1.35 g/cm³
Related products Industrial-Grade Lithium CarbonateLi₂CO₃ ≥ 99.2%Lithium FluorideLiF ≥ 99.0%Lithium-Aluminum AlloyLi 5–30%Lithium-Magnesium AlloyLi 5–15%
09 · Solid-State & Next-Gen

Solid-State & Next-Gen Batteries

Solid-state and lithium-sulfur cells and silicon-based anodes drive demand for lithium metal foil, LiFSI, lithium phosphate and new lithium salts. Interfacial stability, dew-point control and lithium-anode processing are the keys to industrialisation.

  • Lithium metal foil 0.02–0.5 mm
  • LiFSI for wide temperature and high conductivity
  • Lithium phosphate for oxide electrolytes
Related products Lithium Metal Foil & StripThickness 0.02–0.5 mmLithium Bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (LiFSI)LiFSI ≥ 99.9%Lithium PhosphateLi₃PO₄ ≥ 99.0%Lithium Metal IngotLi ≥ 99.9%Lithium Difluoro(oxalato)borate (LiDFOB)LiDFOB ≥ 99.5%
SELECTION

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